Tretinoin
Also known as: retinoic acid, Retin-A
The prescription-strength active form of retinol — roughly 20 times stronger. A dermatologist prescribes it for acne, wrinkles and sun damage.
Tretinoin, or retinoic acid, is the biologically active form of vitamin A and a prescription-only medicine in Estonia. It is the strongest available vitamin A derivative for treating ageing, acne, pigmentation spots and sun damage. In Estonia, tretinoin can only be prescribed by a doctor (a dermatologist, GP or aesthetic medicine doctor) at an appointment held under a Terviseamet operating licence, and the pharmacy dispenses it against that prescription.
How does tretinoin work?
Unlike retinol (which gradually converts in the skin into retinal and then retinoic acid), tretinoin is already the final active molecule that binds directly to the nuclear receptors of skin cells. This dramatically speeds up cell turnover, increases collagen production by fibroblasts, normalises follicular keratinisation (the cause of acne) and evens out pigment.
Typical prescription concentrations are 0.025%, 0.05% and 0.1%; to start, a doctor typically recommends the lower option 2–3 times a week, increasing gradually from there. The first 4–8 weeks are known as the "retinoid adjustment" (purge): dryness, flaking, irritation and a temporary flare-up of acne can occur. SPF 30+ is mandatory — tretinoin makes skin strongly sun-sensitive.
Tretinoin in Estonia
In Estonia, tretinoin is a prescription-only medicine, available only through a doctor's appointment. At the pharmacy, a pack (Retin-A 0.025% or 0.05%) typically costs €12–25 — with regular use it lasts 3–6 months. A consultation with a dermatologist or aesthetic medicine doctor at a clinic costs €60–120. Tretinoin is prohibited during pregnancy and breastfeeding — use peptides and niacinamide during that time instead.
Frequently asked questions
What is tretinoin?
Tretinoin is retinoic acid, the active form of vitamin A, and a prescription-only medicine in Estonia. It is used to treat ageing, acne, pigmentation spots and sun damage; its effect is stronger than over-the-counter retinol.
Is tretinoin safe in Estonia?
Yes, when prescribed by a doctor and used as directed. In the first few weeks you may notice dryness and flaking (the "purge"). SPF 30+ is mandatory. It is prohibited during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Where can I learn more about tretinoin?
In Estonia, tretinoin is only available by prescription — see a dermatologist, GP or aesthetic medicine doctor at a clinic. At the consultation, the doctor will assess your skin and put together a treatment plan.
Related pages
This service in Estonia
Guides